Understanding LMS (Leighton-Micali Signatures)
As we move toward a post-quantum world, hash-based signature schemes like XMSS and LMS are gaining attention. Both are designed […]
Post Quantum Crypto
Post Quantum Crypto
Understanding XMSS (eXtended Merkle Signature Scheme)
Post-quantum cryptography is becoming critical as quantum computers get closer to breaking today’s RSA and ECC systems. One of the
ML DSA, Post Quantum Crypto
What Is CRYSTALS-Dilithium?
A Beginner’s Guide to Post-Quantum Signatures Ever heard of Dilithium outside of Star Trek?In cryptography, CRYSTALS-Dilithium is one of the
ECC
Understanding ECC Math
In this post, we’ll walk through the math behind ECC using tiny numbers, and explain point addition and point multiplication
RSA
Understanding RSA Encryption Math
🧠 What Is RSA? RSA is a public-key cryptography system. That means: The magic lies in how the two keys
Hash
SHA-3 vs SHA-2: What Makes Them Different?
Hash functions are the workhorses of cryptography, securing everything from passwords and digital signatures to blockchain transactions. For years, SHA-2
ML DSA, Post Quantum Crypto
Understanding SHAKE-128 and SHAKE-256: Flexible Cryptographic Hash Functions for Modern Security
🔐 Introduction As cryptography continues to evolve to meet the demands of post-quantum security, extendable-output functions (XOFs) like SHAKE-128 and
Post Quantum Crypto
Comparing ML-DSA-87 vs ML-DSA-65 vs ML-DSA-44
🔐 Introduction As quantum computing threatens to break classical public key cryptography, the CRYSTALS-Dilithium algorithm—also referred to in many implementations
X.509
How ASN.1 Powers X.509 Certificates and Cryptographic Keys
Introduction Every time you access a secure website, sign a digital document, or encrypt an email, you’re relying on a
Attestation
SPDM Learnings and my misunderstandings along the way!
While exploring SPDM (Security Protocol and Data Model) as part of my deeper dive into platform security, I ran into